- Home prices and housing starts have recovered since the recession.
- This housing boom does look like a bubble ready to burst.
- Debt levels in relation to incomes are much lower, so this bust potential is less worrisome.
During the last boost, home prices peaked in 2006, fell 30 percent on average and bottomed out in 2011 when mortgage-related debt was out of control.
“The current run-up exhibits a less-pronounced increase in the house price-to-rent ratio and an outright decline in the household mortgage debt-to-income ratio — a pattern that is not suggestive of a credit-fueled bubble,” says the new report, “What’s Different About the Latest Housing Boom?,” released by the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
The researchers examined three indicators going back to the year 2002: the median U.S. house price, the number of private-sector workers employed in construction, and the number of new housing starts, including both single- and multi-family homes.
Housing market indicators
The increase in the median house price since 2011 differs from the prior run-up.
“The price-to-rent ratio for housing is a valuation measure that is analogous to the price-to-dividend ratio for stocks. Dividends are the cash flows from stocks. Service flows from housing are called imputed rents. Higher valuation ratios imply that stock investors or homebuyers are willing to pay more for each dollar of dividends or imputed rent than they have in the past. Throughout history, extremely elevated valuation ratios have been associated with asset markets that have crossed into bubble territory (Shiller 2005).”
Housing valuation and leverage ratios
Source: Flow of funds, Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), CoreLogic, and BLS. Data are seasonally adjusted and indexed to 100 at pre-recession peak.
